A Simple Guide To Thymus, Functions, Diseases, Diagnosis, Treatment And Related Conditions
Kindle Edition or EPUB + Converted PDF نویسندگان: Kenneth Kee
جزئیات
فرمت: Kindle Edition or EPUB + Converted PDF تاریخ انتشار نسخه الکترونیکی : November 30, 2018
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لینک: https://www.amazon.com/dp/B07L1NQKX6
1,148,000 تومان
زمان تحویل: حداکثر 24 ساعت
توضیحات
This book describes Thymus, Functions, Diseases, Diagnosis and Treatment and Related Diseases Thymus is a bi-lobed organ located at the superior and anterior mediastinum. The thymus is pinkish-gray in color, soft, and lobulated on its surfaces. The thymus is made up of two identical lobes and is sited anatomically in the anterior superior mediastinum, in front of the heart and behind the sternum. It may spread to the neck region where it is related to the thyroid gland. The two lobes normally differ in size. They are sometimes joined through a septum to form a single mass and occasionally parted by an intermediate lobe. The size is about 5 cm. in length, 4 cm. in breadth below, and about 6 mm. in thickness. Birth - About 15grams Puberty - About 35grams Twenty-five years - 25grams Sixty years - Less than 15grams Seventy years - as low as 6grams The thymus is a primary lymphoid organ and the first location for development of T cell immunological function. Life and Death of a thymus gland cell My name is Thymus Man the Thymus Gland Cell. I was named Thymus Man by my friends who feel that Thymus Man is the most suitable name of a cell from the Thymus Gland of the human body. The only cells in the early human embryo are our precursor cells or stem cells that are urged into becoming specialized bone, nerve, internal organ or thymus gland by the action of genes and the growth-and-development molecules produced by genes. My thymus cells develop from the ventral portion of the third pharyngeal pouch. My thymus is populated by lymphocytes and my thymocytes. My medulla also contains some epithelial cells arranged in a concentric fashion to form the Hassal corpuscles. The two main components of my thymus, the lymphoid thymocytes and my thymic epithelial cells, have distinct developmental origins. My thymic epithelium appears first in the form of two flask-shape endodermal diverticula which arise one on either side from the third branchial pouch (pharyngeal pouch) in the embryo and extend laterally and backward into the surrounding mesoderm and neural crest -derived mesenchyme in front of the ventral aorta. Here we thymocytes and epithelium meet and join with the connective tissue. The pharyngeal opening of each of my diverticula is soon obliterated but the neck of the flask (pouch) persists for some time as a cellular cord. The cells lining the flask proliferate and form buds of my thymic cells which become surrounded and isolated by the invading mesoderm. Extra portions of my thymus tissue are developed from the fourth branchial pouches. During the late stages of the development of my thymic epithelium, hematopoietic bone-marrow precursors migrate into the thymus. My normal thymic development is dependent on the interaction between my thymic epithelium and the hematopoietic thymocytes My embryonic thymic remnants then give rise to ectopic thymic tissue in the neck, thyroid and parathyroid glands. Following the rapid population with lymphocyte precursors from developing hematopoietic tissues, my thymus becomes a lymphoepithelial organ. My thymus is large proportionately at birth and continues to grow to the age of puberty when it reaches maximum weight of 40gms. I then begin to involute though the organ never undergoes complete atrophy. My thymus teaches T-lymphocytes critical cells of the adaptive immune system how to counter pathogens. My thymus provides for development of T-lymphocytes from hematopoietic progenitor cells. By the early teens my thymus begins to atrophy and my thymic stroma is replaced by adipose tissue. After middle age it decreases at a rate of 1% until death. The necrosis of my thymus gland can cause the death of me TABLE OF CONTENT Introduction Chapter 1 Thymus Chapter 2 Functions of Thymus Chapter 3 Life Cycle Chapter 4 Diseases of Thymus Chapter 5 Thymus Thump Chapter 6 Thymus cancers Chapter 7 Myasthenia Gravis Chapter 8 Life and Death of Thymocyte Epilogue
1,148,000 تومان
زمان تحویل: حداکثر 24 ساعت